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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Earth's internal heat budget ： ウィキペディア英語版 Earth's internal heat budget The flow of heat from Earth's interior to the surface is estimated at 47 terawatts (TW)〔Davies, J. H., & Davies, D. R. (2010). Earth's surface heat flux. Solid Earth, 1(1), 5–24.〕 and comes from two main sources in roughly equal amounts: the ''radiogenic heat'' produced by the radioactive decay of isotopes in the mantle and crust, and the ''primordial heat'' left over from the formation of the Earth.〔 Earth's internal heat powers most geological processes〔Buffett, B. A. (2007). Taking earth's temperature. Science, 315(5820), 1801–1802.〕 and drives plate tectonics.〔 Despite its geological significance, this heat energy coming from Earth's interior is actually only 0.03% of Earth's total energy budget at the surface, which is dominated by 173,000 TW of incoming solar radiation. == Heat and early estimate of Earth's age == Based on calculations of Earth's cooling rate, which assumed constant conductivity in the Earth's interior, in 1862 Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) estimated the age of the Earth at 98 million years,〔Kelvin, W. T. (1863). On the secular cooling of the earth. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 23, 157–170.〕 in contrast to the age of 4.5 billion years obtained by radiometric dating.〔Taylor, S. R. (2007). .1 The Formation of the Earth and Moon. Developments in Precambrian Geology, 15, 21–30.〕 As pointed out by John Perry in 1895〔England, P., Molnar, P., Richter, F. (2007). John Perry’s neglected critique of Kelvin’s age for the Earth: A missed opportunity in geodynamics. 4 JANUARY 2007, GSA Today : v. 17, no. 1, doi: 10.1130/GSAT01701A.1〕 a variable conductivity in the Earth's interior would expand the computed age of the Earth to billions of years, as later confirmed by radiometric dating. Contrary to the usual representation of Kelvin's argument, the observed thermal gradient of the Earth's crust would not be explained by the addition of radioactivity as a heat source, only a change in the conductivity of rock, as observed by modern geophysical studies. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Earth's internal heat budget」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.